Biology
Taurine is a free amino acid and not part of any protein in human body. It is essential in newborns but in adults it can be synthesized by sulphur-containing cysteine. Taurine is important for skeletal muscle function and the development of retina and the central nervous system. It has also a detoxifying effect in some organs like pancreas and liver. It is found in foods like meat, dairy products, poultry and eggs.
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Threonine (thr T)
Term: threonine (Thr T)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to erythrose or pertaining to red?Origin: Anc Greek???????/erythros(=red)Coined/History Threonine was discovered in 1930 by American nutritionist William Cumming Rose (1887-1985) in...
- Methionine (met M)
Term: methionine (Met M)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to methyl and sulfur?Origin: Anc Greek????/methy(=drunkenness) + ???/hely (= trunk, wood) +????/thio(=pertaining to god as it was used in worship)Coined/History Methionine, although had discovered...
- Lysine (lys K)
Term: lysine (lys K)Literally meaning: ?solvent?Origin: Anc Greek?????/lysis (=loosing) > ???/leo (to break up, to solve) a dissolution or a riotCoined/History Lysine was isolated in 1889 by German dentist Heinrich Drechsel who named it?lysatin?...
- Isomerase
Term: isomeraseLiterally meaning: ?separating isomers?Origin: Anc Greek /é???/isos(=equal)+?????/meros(=part)-???/-asy(=-ase) suffix added to the name of the substrate that the enzyme hydrolyzes eg proteinase for protein or lipase for lipids >???-/dia-(=prefix...
Biology
taurine
Term: taurine
Literally meaning: ?pertaining to bull?
Origin: Anc Greek
??????/taurus (=bull, ox)
Coined/History
Taurine isolated in 1827 by German Friedrich Triedemann (1781-18861) and Leopold Gmelin (1788-1853) who isolated it from ox bile.
Source
F. Tiedemann, L. Gmelin (1827). "Einige neue Bestandtheile der Galle des Ochsen". Annalen der Physik 85 (2): 326?37.
Definition
Taurine is a free amino acid and not part of any protein in human body. It is essential in newborns but in adults it can be synthesized by sulphur-containing cysteine. Taurine is important for skeletal muscle function and the development of retina and the central nervous system. It has also a detoxifying effect in some organs like pancreas and liver. It is found in foods like meat, dairy products, poultry and eggs. Sourse
1 De la Puerta C, Arrieta FJ, Balsa JA, Botella-Carretero JI, Zamarrón I, Vázquez C.Taurine and glucose metabolism: a review. Nut Hosp. 2010 Nov-Dec;25(6):910-9.
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Threonine (thr T)
Term: threonine (Thr T)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to erythrose or pertaining to red?Origin: Anc Greek???????/erythros(=red)Coined/History Threonine was discovered in 1930 by American nutritionist William Cumming Rose (1887-1985) in...
- Methionine (met M)
Term: methionine (Met M)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to methyl and sulfur?Origin: Anc Greek????/methy(=drunkenness) + ???/hely (= trunk, wood) +????/thio(=pertaining to god as it was used in worship)Coined/History Methionine, although had discovered...
- Lysine (lys K)
Term: lysine (lys K)Literally meaning: ?solvent?Origin: Anc Greek?????/lysis (=loosing) > ???/leo (to break up, to solve) a dissolution or a riotCoined/History Lysine was isolated in 1889 by German dentist Heinrich Drechsel who named it?lysatin?...
- Isomerase
Term: isomeraseLiterally meaning: ?separating isomers?Origin: Anc Greek /é???/isos(=equal)+?????/meros(=part)-???/-asy(=-ase) suffix added to the name of the substrate that the enzyme hydrolyzes eg proteinase for protein or lipase for lipids >???-/dia-(=prefix...