Biology
Basic Quantities
Length-meter (m)
Mass- gram (g)
Volume-Liter (L)
Time-second (s)
Temperature- degrees Kelvin (K)
Amount of Substance- Mole (mol)
Heat Energy- joule (J)
Electric Current- ampere (A)
Luminous intensity- candela (cd) Energy-joules (J) calories (c)
Prefixes
tera- T 10^12
giga- G 10^0
mega- M 10^6
kilo- k 10^3
hecto- h 10^2
deka- da 10^1
deci- d 10^-1
centi- c 10^-2
milli- m 10^-3
micro- ? 10^-6
nano- n 10^9
pico- p 10-12
femto- f 10^-15
atto- a 10^-18
Metric-English
1.00 in = 2.54 cm
1.00 kg= 2.20 lb
1.00 lb= 454 g
1.00 L= 1.06 qt
1cm3; (1cc)= 1 mL
1 fluid ounce = 29.6 mL (cc)
K= C+ 273
C= 5/9 (F-32)
F= 9/5 C+ 32
Kelvin and Celsius have 100 degrees between freezing and boiling, where Fahrenheit has 180.
the freezing and boiling points in degrees for
Kelvin 273, 373
Celsius 0, 100
Fahrenheit 32, 212
Example Problems
1)an epithelial cell has a diameter of 63.5 microns (?)
a) express the diameter in meters
63.5 ? or 63.5x10^-6 meter = 10^1
the epithelial cell is 6.35x10^-5 m
b) in Angstroms (Å)
63.5 ? or 63.5x10^-6 to Å 10^-10
=63500
Note: when going from a larger unit to a smaller unit, the number must increase, and when going from a smaller unit to a larger unit the number must decrease.
Connect to Biostudies
Viruses are very small, and so they are generally visualized with the use of electron microscopy. The most sensible unit for viral particles is nm. This is equal to 10^-9 meters or 100 micron (?).
Bacterial cells are typically measured in microns(?) and visualized using light microscopy with oil immersion, of 1000X or greater.
Animal and plant cells are typically measured in microns and observed using conventional light microscopy (~40-400X). Some cells are large enough (like eggs) to be seen with the naked eye.
Liquid volume example.
1) Adult male has total blood volume of 5.15 L
a) express this volume in mL
5.15L= 5150 mL
b) 5.15L= 51.5 dL
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (pcr)
There are three stages to PCR: denaturation, heating, and extension. In the first stage, denaturation, the reaction tube in the thermal cycler is heated to 95 degrees Celsius. The high heat denatures DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds; the double helix...
- #93 Respiratory Substrates, Respiratory Quotions
A respiratory substrate is a molecule from which energy can be liberated to produce ATP in a living cell. Glucose is not the only respiratory substrate. All carbohydrates, lipids and proteins can also be used as respiratory substrates. Many cells in...
- #2.2. Cell Structure - Syllabus 2016
1.1 The microscope in cell studies1.2 Cells as the basic units of living organisms All organisms are composed of cells. Knowledge of their structure and function underpins much of biology. The fundamental differences between eukaryotic...
- #2.1. Cell Structure - Syllabus 2015
? The microscope in cell studies ? Cells as the basic units of living organisms ? Detailed structure of typical animal and plant cells, as seen using the electron microscope ? Outline functions of organelles in plant and animal cells ? Characteristics...
- Thermometer
Term: thermometerLiterally meaning: "heat meausure"Origin: Anc Greek??????/thermos(=warm) >????/thero(=to warm)??????/metron (=meausure)Coined/HistoryThe first crude clinical thermometer was invented by Italian Santorio Santorio who put a numerical...
Biology
Scientific Measure, Conversions
Basic Quantities
Length-meter (m)
Mass- gram (g)
Volume-Liter (L)
Time-second (s)
Temperature- degrees Kelvin (K)
Amount of Substance- Mole (mol)
Heat Energy- joule (J)
Electric Current- ampere (A)
Luminous intensity- candela (cd) Energy-joules (J) calories (c)
Prefixes
tera- T 10^12
giga- G 10^0
mega- M 10^6
kilo- k 10^3
hecto- h 10^2
deka- da 10^1
deci- d 10^-1
centi- c 10^-2
milli- m 10^-3
micro- ? 10^-6
nano- n 10^9
pico- p 10-12
femto- f 10^-15
atto- a 10^-18
Metric-English
1.00 in = 2.54 cm
1.00 kg= 2.20 lb
1.00 lb= 454 g
1.00 L= 1.06 qt
1cm3; (1cc)= 1 mL
1 fluid ounce = 29.6 mL (cc)
K= C+ 273
C= 5/9 (F-32)
F= 9/5 C+ 32
Kelvin and Celsius have 100 degrees between freezing and boiling, where Fahrenheit has 180.
the freezing and boiling points in degrees for
Kelvin 273, 373
Celsius 0, 100
Fahrenheit 32, 212
Example Problems
1)an epithelial cell has a diameter of 63.5 microns (?)
a) express the diameter in meters
63.5 ? or 63.5x10^-6 meter = 10^1
the epithelial cell is 6.35x10^-5 m
b) in Angstroms (Å)
63.5 ? or 63.5x10^-6 to Å 10^-10
=63500
Note: when going from a larger unit to a smaller unit, the number must increase, and when going from a smaller unit to a larger unit the number must decrease.
Connect to Biostudies
Viruses are very small, and so they are generally visualized with the use of electron microscopy. The most sensible unit for viral particles is nm. This is equal to 10^-9 meters or 100 micron (?).
Bacterial cells are typically measured in microns(?) and visualized using light microscopy with oil immersion, of 1000X or greater.
Animal and plant cells are typically measured in microns and observed using conventional light microscopy (~40-400X). Some cells are large enough (like eggs) to be seen with the naked eye.
Liquid volume example.
1) Adult male has total blood volume of 5.15 L
a) express this volume in mL
5.15L= 5150 mL
b) 5.15L= 51.5 dL
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (pcr)
There are three stages to PCR: denaturation, heating, and extension. In the first stage, denaturation, the reaction tube in the thermal cycler is heated to 95 degrees Celsius. The high heat denatures DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds; the double helix...
- #93 Respiratory Substrates, Respiratory Quotions
A respiratory substrate is a molecule from which energy can be liberated to produce ATP in a living cell. Glucose is not the only respiratory substrate. All carbohydrates, lipids and proteins can also be used as respiratory substrates. Many cells in...
- #2.2. Cell Structure - Syllabus 2016
1.1 The microscope in cell studies1.2 Cells as the basic units of living organisms All organisms are composed of cells. Knowledge of their structure and function underpins much of biology. The fundamental differences between eukaryotic...
- #2.1. Cell Structure - Syllabus 2015
? The microscope in cell studies ? Cells as the basic units of living organisms ? Detailed structure of typical animal and plant cells, as seen using the electron microscope ? Outline functions of organelles in plant and animal cells ? Characteristics...
- Thermometer
Term: thermometerLiterally meaning: "heat meausure"Origin: Anc Greek??????/thermos(=warm) >????/thero(=to warm)??????/metron (=meausure)Coined/HistoryThe first crude clinical thermometer was invented by Italian Santorio Santorio who put a numerical...