Biology
There are three stages to PCR: denaturation, heating, and extension.
In the first stage, denaturation, the reaction tube in the thermal cycler is heated to 95 degrees Celsius. The high heat denatures DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds; the double helix is broken into single strands. In the second stage, annealing, the temperature is cooled to 60 degrees Celsius to allow DNA primers to form H-bonds with their complementary bases at 3' end at both strands. In the third stage, extension, the temperature is increased to 72 degrees celsius. Taq DNA polymerase binds to DNA template where primer has annealed. Complementary nucleotides are added to 3' end of both primers, thus catalysing synthesis of a new daughter strand. Chain reaction occurs as the products of previous reactions are used as the reactants in the next cycle.
- Q: Describe Semi-conservative Replication
A segment of DNA is unwound by helicase. H-bonds between both strands are broken. Primers are laid down by primase in the 5' to 3' direction. DNA polymerase III adds complementary free nucleotides to 3' growing end....
- Transcription
Each gene contains a specific nucleotide sequence called the promoter region and it contains the initiation site, where proteins, called transcription factors, and RNA polymerase enzyme recognize and bind to. The enzyme-DNA-protein complex then causes...
- Dna Strands Separate At The Replication Fork
KEY TERMS:A replication fork (Growing point) is the point at which strands of parental duplex DNA are separated so that replication can proceed. A complex of proteins including DNA polymerase is found at the fork. A DNA polymerase is an enzyme that...
- Dna Replication Is Semiconservative
KEY TERMS:A parental strand or duplex of DNA refers to the DNA that will be replicated. The antisense strand (Template strand) of DNA is complementary to the sense strand, and is the one that acts as the template for synthesis of mRNA. A daughter...
- # 34 Dna Structurer And Replication
DNA molecule consists of nucleotides in which the sugar component is deoxyribose whereas the RNA molecule has nucleotides in which the sugar is a ribose. Nucleotides Roles: are monomers for nucleic acid polymers, such as DNA and RNA....
Biology
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
There are three stages to PCR: denaturation, heating, and extension.
In the first stage, denaturation, the reaction tube in the thermal cycler is heated to 95 degrees Celsius. The high heat denatures DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds; the double helix is broken into single strands. In the second stage, annealing, the temperature is cooled to 60 degrees Celsius to allow DNA primers to form H-bonds with their complementary bases at 3' end at both strands. In the third stage, extension, the temperature is increased to 72 degrees celsius. Taq DNA polymerase binds to DNA template where primer has annealed. Complementary nucleotides are added to 3' end of both primers, thus catalysing synthesis of a new daughter strand. Chain reaction occurs as the products of previous reactions are used as the reactants in the next cycle.
- Q: Describe Semi-conservative Replication
A segment of DNA is unwound by helicase. H-bonds between both strands are broken. Primers are laid down by primase in the 5' to 3' direction. DNA polymerase III adds complementary free nucleotides to 3' growing end....
- Transcription
Each gene contains a specific nucleotide sequence called the promoter region and it contains the initiation site, where proteins, called transcription factors, and RNA polymerase enzyme recognize and bind to. The enzyme-DNA-protein complex then causes...
- Dna Strands Separate At The Replication Fork
KEY TERMS:A replication fork (Growing point) is the point at which strands of parental duplex DNA are separated so that replication can proceed. A complex of proteins including DNA polymerase is found at the fork. A DNA polymerase is an enzyme that...
- Dna Replication Is Semiconservative
KEY TERMS:A parental strand or duplex of DNA refers to the DNA that will be replicated. The antisense strand (Template strand) of DNA is complementary to the sense strand, and is the one that acts as the template for synthesis of mRNA. A daughter...
- # 34 Dna Structurer And Replication
DNA molecule consists of nucleotides in which the sugar component is deoxyribose whereas the RNA molecule has nucleotides in which the sugar is a ribose. Nucleotides Roles: are monomers for nucleic acid polymers, such as DNA and RNA....