Biology
The first article which contains information about selenoprotein was published in 1973 by Thressa Stadtman, who wrote that glycine reductase was a selenoprotein. The first article on ?selenocysteine? was published in 1976 and described the chromatographic behaviour of carboxymethylated forms of cysteine and selenocysteine.
- Novel Amino Acids Can Be Inserted At Certain Stop Codons
KEY CONCEPTS:Changes in the reading of specific codons can occur in individual genes. The insertion of seleno-Cys-tRNA at certain UGA codons requires several proteins to modify the Cys-tRNA and insert it into the ribosome. Pyrrolysine can be inserted...
- Lanthanum (la)
Term: lanthanum (La)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to hidden?Origin: ???????/lanthano(= to be hidden, to escape notice) .The element called lanthanum because it is ?hidden? in rare minerals. Coined/History Lanthanum was isolated in the mineral...
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Cysteine (cys C)
Term: cysteineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to bladder?Origin: Anc Greek?????? (=sac or anatomical sac such as bladder)> ??? (=to carry a baby in a sac)Coined/History In 1810 English chemist Wiliam Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) identified cysteine...
- Catalysis
Term: catalysis Origin: Anc Greek ????/cata(=prefix denoting ?down to? or ?against?)?????/lysis (=???/leo (break up, solve) à dissolution or a riot Jöns Jacob berzelius (1779 ?1848)Coined: in 1835 by Swedish...
Biology
selenocysteine
Term: selenocysteine
Literally meaning: ?pertaining to selenium and cysteine?
Origin: Anc Greek
??????/selene(=moon) > selenium(chemical element that was named by Swedish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius in 1817 when he noticed that selenium is associated with tellurium(named for the Earth)
+ ?????? /kystis (=sac, or anatomical sac such as bladder)
>???/kyo(=carry a baby in a sac)
Coined/History
The first article which contains information about selenoprotein was published in 1973 by Thressa Stadtman, who wrote that glycine reductase was a selenoprotein. The first article on ?selenocysteine? was published in 1976 and described the chromatographic behaviour of carboxymethylated forms of cysteine and selenocysteine. Definition
Selenocysteine is an amino acid similar to cysteine but with an atom of selenium taking the place of the usual sulphur. Selenocysteine is encoded by UGA triplet which is normally a stop codon. It is found in many enzymes that called selenoproteins.
Sources
Pinsent, J. Biochem. J. 1954, 57, 10. Shum, A. C.; Murphy, J. C. J. Bacteriol. 1972, 110, 447.
Bock, A. PNAS 1986, 83, 4650.
- Novel Amino Acids Can Be Inserted At Certain Stop Codons
KEY CONCEPTS:Changes in the reading of specific codons can occur in individual genes. The insertion of seleno-Cys-tRNA at certain UGA codons requires several proteins to modify the Cys-tRNA and insert it into the ribosome. Pyrrolysine can be inserted...
- Lanthanum (la)
Term: lanthanum (La)Literally meaning: ?pertaining to hidden?Origin: ???????/lanthano(= to be hidden, to escape notice) .The element called lanthanum because it is ?hidden? in rare minerals. Coined/History Lanthanum was isolated in the mineral...
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Cysteine (cys C)
Term: cysteineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to bladder?Origin: Anc Greek?????? (=sac or anatomical sac such as bladder)> ??? (=to carry a baby in a sac)Coined/History In 1810 English chemist Wiliam Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) identified cysteine...
- Catalysis
Term: catalysis Origin: Anc Greek ????/cata(=prefix denoting ?down to? or ?against?)?????/lysis (=???/leo (break up, solve) à dissolution or a riot Jöns Jacob berzelius (1779 ?1848)Coined: in 1835 by Swedish...