Biology
Photosynthesis is the processes of converting carbon dioxide and water, using light energy, into glucose and oxygen. Plants, algae, and certain prokaryotes capture about 1% of the energy in the sunlight that reaches Earth and convert it to chemical energy through photosynthesis.
In plants, light energy is harvested by pigments that are located in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. They use pigments (chlorophyll A and B are two of the main pigments used) to collect light energy and that energy energizes H+ ions which are used in the mitochondria to make ATP. ATP the usable form of energy that living organisms use within the cell. The H+ ions are moved into the In mitochondria using NADPH,which produces a concentration gradient. After the concentration gradient is created we are able to move the H+ ions through ATP synthase, an enzyme and carrier protein, to produce ATP. Than we are able to take it into the next step of photosynthesis which is the Calvin Cycle. The Calvin Cycle is a biochemical pathway that plants use to create organic molecules such as starch, glucose, and sucrose. This energy is stored in the plant until it is needed by the plant or used as food for the fruit of the plant.
In Cellular Respiration takes into the products from Photosynthesis and uses them to make ATP. There are three steps to Cellular Respiration, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. The first step is the Glycolysis, this processes does NOT require oxygen, produces 2NADH, 2 ATP and 2 pyruvates. The 2 pryuvate are used in the next step which is the Krebs Cycle, oxygen is required, to produce 6NADH, 2FADH2, and 2 ATP. The NADH and FADH2 are carrier molecules to bring H+ ions to the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain, located in the mitochondria, is able to use the H+ ions to create a concentration gradient by using ATP synthase to produce ATP. The total ATP produced by the Electron Transport Chain is 32. The total ATP produced by Cellular Respiration is 36.
If oxygen is not present that your body goes through lactic acid fermenation. Fermenation is a processes that occurs when oxygen is not present. Bacteria, molds, and yeast only go through a fermenation porcesses called Alcohol Fermenation. The yeild of ATP is much lower in fermenation. When oxygen is present more ATP is yielded.
- Krebs Cycle Broken Down
The Krebs cycle, also known as the Citric Acid cycle, is a very important process in cellular respiration. Without this portion, respiration would not be possible. This is because the Krebs cycle uses the pyruvate molecules from glycolysis to produce...
- Q: Discuss The Role Of Membranes In The Synthesis Of Atp During Photosynthesis
The chloroplast is enclosed by two membranes, and this separates reactions within the chloroplast from the rest of the cytoplasm. The double membrane of the chloroplast also serves to maintain high substrate concentrations within the chloroplast for photosynthesis....
- Q: Describe The Role Of Nad In Aerobic Respiration
NAD is a coenzyme and an electron carrier, it acts as an electron acceptor in glycolysis and Krebs cycle through dehydrogenation processes and is then reduced to NADH. WHen it is reduced to NADH, it is utilized as an electron donor during oxidative phosphorylation....
- # 102 The Light-dependent Reactions, Photophosphorilation
Chlorophyll molecules in photosystern I (PSI) and photosystern II (PSII) absorb light energy. The energy excites electrons, raising their energy level so that they leave the chlorophyll. The chlorophyll is said to be photo-activated. PSII contains...
- #85 Energy And Respiration - Syllabus 2016
12.1 Energy12.2 Respiration Energy is a fundamental concept in biology. All living things require a source of cellular energy to drive their various activities. ATP is the universal energy currency as its molecules are small,...
Biology
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis is the processes of converting carbon dioxide and water, using light energy, into glucose and oxygen. Plants, algae, and certain prokaryotes capture about 1% of the energy in the sunlight that reaches Earth and convert it to chemical energy through photosynthesis.
In plants, light energy is harvested by pigments that are located in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. They use pigments (chlorophyll A and B are two of the main pigments used) to collect light energy and that energy energizes H+ ions which are used in the mitochondria to make ATP. ATP the usable form of energy that living organisms use within the cell. The H+ ions are moved into the In mitochondria using NADPH,which produces a concentration gradient. After the concentration gradient is created we are able to move the H+ ions through ATP synthase, an enzyme and carrier protein, to produce ATP. Than we are able to take it into the next step of photosynthesis which is the Calvin Cycle. The Calvin Cycle is a biochemical pathway that plants use to create organic molecules such as starch, glucose, and sucrose. This energy is stored in the plant until it is needed by the plant or used as food for the fruit of the plant.
In Cellular Respiration takes into the products from Photosynthesis and uses them to make ATP. There are three steps to Cellular Respiration, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. The first step is the Glycolysis, this processes does NOT require oxygen, produces 2NADH, 2 ATP and 2 pyruvates. The 2 pryuvate are used in the next step which is the Krebs Cycle, oxygen is required, to produce 6NADH, 2FADH2, and 2 ATP. The NADH and FADH2 are carrier molecules to bring H+ ions to the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain, located in the mitochondria, is able to use the H+ ions to create a concentration gradient by using ATP synthase to produce ATP. The total ATP produced by the Electron Transport Chain is 32. The total ATP produced by Cellular Respiration is 36.
If oxygen is not present that your body goes through lactic acid fermenation. Fermenation is a processes that occurs when oxygen is not present. Bacteria, molds, and yeast only go through a fermenation porcesses called Alcohol Fermenation. The yeild of ATP is much lower in fermenation. When oxygen is present more ATP is yielded.
- Krebs Cycle Broken Down
The Krebs cycle, also known as the Citric Acid cycle, is a very important process in cellular respiration. Without this portion, respiration would not be possible. This is because the Krebs cycle uses the pyruvate molecules from glycolysis to produce...
- Q: Discuss The Role Of Membranes In The Synthesis Of Atp During Photosynthesis
The chloroplast is enclosed by two membranes, and this separates reactions within the chloroplast from the rest of the cytoplasm. The double membrane of the chloroplast also serves to maintain high substrate concentrations within the chloroplast for photosynthesis....
- Q: Describe The Role Of Nad In Aerobic Respiration
NAD is a coenzyme and an electron carrier, it acts as an electron acceptor in glycolysis and Krebs cycle through dehydrogenation processes and is then reduced to NADH. WHen it is reduced to NADH, it is utilized as an electron donor during oxidative phosphorylation....
- # 102 The Light-dependent Reactions, Photophosphorilation
Chlorophyll molecules in photosystern I (PSI) and photosystern II (PSII) absorb light energy. The energy excites electrons, raising their energy level so that they leave the chlorophyll. The chlorophyll is said to be photo-activated. PSII contains...
- #85 Energy And Respiration - Syllabus 2016
12.1 Energy12.2 Respiration Energy is a fundamental concept in biology. All living things require a source of cellular energy to drive their various activities. ATP is the universal energy currency as its molecules are small,...