Biology
- Bacterial Gene Numbers Range Over An Order Of Magnitude
KEY CONCEPTS:Genome sequences show that there are 500-1200 genes in parasitic bacteria, 1500-7500 genes in free-living bacteria, and 1500-2700 genes in archaea. Large-scale efforts have now led to the sequencing of many genomes. A range is summarized...
- Prokaryote: Cells
In this picture are millions and millions of bacteria. No matter how much I clean the countertops, once an object or hand is placed on it, more bacteria live there. Bacteria is a prokaryote which are cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound...
- Lysozyme
Term: lysozymeLiterally meaning: an enzyme that breaks downOrigin: Anc Greek?????/lysis(=dissolution, degradation > verb ???/leo =break down, solve, loose, degradate)+-????/zyme(= leaven) > ??????/enzymo(=enzyme) > ??/en(=in) +-????/zyme(=...
- Cell Organelles In Prokaryotes
Name of the cell organelle Functions 1. Cell envelope Outer glycocalyx Protects the cells, Helps in adhesion Middle cell wall Gives definite shape and prevents cell from bursting or collapsing in a hypotonic...
- 4/1/14
Today Mrs.Tyrell was absent for illness, she probably has a bacteria making her sick (haha get it because we learned about some bacteria that cause illness). Even though she was gone we took notes over a PowerPoint and I did research on Leprosy. I then...
Biology
Comparison between Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria
Differences between Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria
| Gram positive bacteria | Gram negative bacteria |
| 1. The bacteria remain coloured with Gram staining even after washing with alcohol or acetone | The bacteria do not retain the stain when washed with alcohol or acetone. So these type of bacteria are observed with another stain such as safranin. |
| 2. Outer membrane is absent | Present |
| 3. Thicker cell wall. Thickness varies from 20-80 nm | Thin cell wall. Thickness varies from 8-12 nm |
| 4. Smooth wall | Wavy wall and comes in contact with plasma membrane only at a few loci. |
| 5. The wall contains 70-80% peptidoglycan (murein or mucopeptide) | The wall contains 10-20% peptidoglycan |
| 6. Teichoic acids may be present | Teichoic acids absent |
| 7. Very little lipid content (0-2%) | High lipid content (20-30%) |
| 8. Lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) absent. | Present |
| 9. Basal body of the flagellum contains 2 rings | Basal body of the flagellum contains 4 rings |
| 10. Mesosomes are quite prominent | Mesosomes are less prominent |
| 11. A few pathogenic bacteria belong to Gram positive group | Most of the pathogenic bacteria belong to Gram negative group |
| 12. E.g. Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium, Noccardia | E.g. Escherichia coli |
- Bacterial Gene Numbers Range Over An Order Of Magnitude
KEY CONCEPTS:Genome sequences show that there are 500-1200 genes in parasitic bacteria, 1500-7500 genes in free-living bacteria, and 1500-2700 genes in archaea. Large-scale efforts have now led to the sequencing of many genomes. A range is summarized...
- Prokaryote: Cells
In this picture are millions and millions of bacteria. No matter how much I clean the countertops, once an object or hand is placed on it, more bacteria live there. Bacteria is a prokaryote which are cells that do not have a nucleus or membrane bound...
- Lysozyme
Term: lysozymeLiterally meaning: an enzyme that breaks downOrigin: Anc Greek?????/lysis(=dissolution, degradation > verb ???/leo =break down, solve, loose, degradate)+-????/zyme(= leaven) > ??????/enzymo(=enzyme) > ??/en(=in) +-????/zyme(=...
- Cell Organelles In Prokaryotes
Name of the cell organelle Functions 1. Cell envelope Outer glycocalyx Protects the cells, Helps in adhesion Middle cell wall Gives definite shape and prevents cell from bursting or collapsing in a hypotonic...
- 4/1/14
Today Mrs.Tyrell was absent for illness, she probably has a bacteria making her sick (haha get it because we learned about some bacteria that cause illness). Even though she was gone we took notes over a PowerPoint and I did research on Leprosy. I then...