| Flying birds (Carinatae) | Flightless birds (Ratitae) |
| 1. Usually small in size | Usually large in size |
| 2. Well developed wings | Poorly developed wings |
| 3. Interlocking mechanism in feathers is present | Absent |
| 4. Tail quills are present | Absent |
| 5. Oil gland is present | Absent |
| 6. Well developed flight muscles | Reduced fight muscles |
| 7. Keel is present in breast bone | Absent |
| 8. Short legs | Long and stout legs |
| 9. Copulatory organ is absent in males | Present |
| 10. The young are naked without feathers (altricious) | The young are with feathers (precocious) |
| 11. Cosmopolitan distribution (found everywhere) | Discontinuous distribution |
| 12. E.g. Crow, Columba, Parrot etc | Struthio, Kiwi, Penguine etc |