Biology
Term: arginine (Arg R)
Arginine is a non essential amino acid (it can be manufactured by the human body) or semiessential which plays an important role in the healing of wounds, cell division and ammonia detoxification. It is a precursor for nitric oxide(a blood vessel-widening), urea, ornithine and creatine.
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Cysteine (cys C)
Term: cysteineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to bladder?Origin: Anc Greek?????? (=sac or anatomical sac such as bladder)> ??? (=to carry a baby in a sac)Coined/History In 1810 English chemist Wiliam Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) identified cysteine...
- Isomer
Term: isomerLiterally meaning: ?equal parts?Origin: Anc Greek /é???/isos(=equal)+?????/meros(=part)Coined/HistoryThe term coined in 1830, by Swedish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius(1779-1848) who wrote ?those bodies that have the same composition...
- Creatine
Term: creatineLiterally meaning: (fem) "flesh component" Origin: Anc Greek?????/creas(=flesh, meat)+???/-ine(-=(-ine) =chemical suffix Coined/Historyin 1835 by French chemist and philosopher Michel-Eugène Chevreul (1786-1889) in the juice of flesh...
- Proteins
PROTEINSProteins are polypeptides. i.e., linear chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A Peptide bond is formed when ?COOH group of one amino acid reacts with ?NH2 group of next amino acid by releasing a molecule of water (dehydration). Proteins...
Biology
arginine (Arg R)
Term: arginine (Arg R)
Literally meaning: ?pertaining to silver?
Origin: Anc Greek
/á??????/argiros(=silver, white metal)
Coined/History
Arginine was isolated by Swiss chemist Ernst Schulze in 1886 from extracts of etiolated seedlings and by Hedin in 1895 by animal protein (horn). Finally its structure was not proven until 1910 by Sorenson. Schulze decided this name because of the silvery white appearance of the arginine nitrate.
Sources
1.Schultz E, Steiger E. Über das Arginin. Z Physiol Chem. 1886;11:43?65.
2.Hedin SG. Über die Bildung von Arginin aus Proteinkörper. Z Physiol Chem.1895;21:155?168.
3. Sorensen SPL. Über die Synthese des dl-Arginins (?-amino-?-guanidino-n-Valeriansaure) und der Isomeren ?-guanidino-?-amino-n-Valeriansaure). Chem Ber. 1910;43:643?651.
Definition
- Glycine (gly C)
Term: glycineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to sweet?Origin: Anc Greek??????/glykys (=sweet) >????/lyki(=pleasant, bright)Coined/History In 1818 the French chemist Henri Braconnot(1780-1855) isolated glycine from gelatin and named it ?sucrede...
- Cysteine (cys C)
Term: cysteineLiterally meaning: ?pertaining to bladder?Origin: Anc Greek?????? (=sac or anatomical sac such as bladder)> ??? (=to carry a baby in a sac)Coined/History In 1810 English chemist Wiliam Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) identified cysteine...
- Isomer
Term: isomerLiterally meaning: ?equal parts?Origin: Anc Greek /é???/isos(=equal)+?????/meros(=part)Coined/HistoryThe term coined in 1830, by Swedish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius(1779-1848) who wrote ?those bodies that have the same composition...
- Creatine
Term: creatineLiterally meaning: (fem) "flesh component" Origin: Anc Greek?????/creas(=flesh, meat)+???/-ine(-=(-ine) =chemical suffix Coined/Historyin 1835 by French chemist and philosopher Michel-Eugène Chevreul (1786-1889) in the juice of flesh...
- Proteins
PROTEINSProteins are polypeptides. i.e., linear chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. A Peptide bond is formed when ?COOH group of one amino acid reacts with ?NH2 group of next amino acid by releasing a molecule of water (dehydration). Proteins...