Biology
- Chromosomal Aberration
Chromosomal aberration refers to a change in number of chromosomes, can occur on one, or several, or all of the chromosomes within a nucleus. This is cause by the failure of sister chromatids to separate during anaphase of mitosis or the failure of homologous...
- Haploid Chromosome Number
For humans the haploid number of chromosomes is 23 because their diploid number is 46; haploid is the half of diploid. For humans only their gametes, or sex cells, are haploid. Haploid means that a particular cell has only one member of each homologous...
- Genotype
Term: genotypeLiterally meaning: ?genome type?Origin: Anc Greek?????/ genea(=generation) > ?????/geno (=birth to) >+?????/typos(=type, form, shape, appearance) > ?????/typto(=hit, stamp)Coined/HistoryIn 1905 by the Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen...
- Sporophyte
Term: sporophyteOrigin: Anc Greek ??????(=seed) > (=sow,) ????/phyto(=plant) > ???/phyo(=germinate)literally means "spore-bearing» note: the name of the classical Greek city ??????/Sparta is derived also from word ??????/spearo (=disperse)...
- Gene
Term : Gene Origin: Anc Greek ?????/ genea(=generation) < ?????/geno (=birth to) Coined: Although the notion of a gene was began with Gregor Mendel?s work on pea plants (1866), the term gene was coined by Wilhelm Johannsen (1857 -...
Biology
genome
Term: genome
Origin: Anc Greek
?????/ genea(=generation) < ?????/geno (=give birth to)
-???/oma(=ome)
Coined:
In 1920 by German botanist Hans Winkler (1877 -1945) defined ?genome? as ?for the haploid chromosome set? in his his book Verbreitung und Ursache der Parthenogenesis im Pflanzen-und Tierreiche, (Verlag Fischer, Jena
As a botanist, Winkler must have been familiar with a host of -ome words like rhizome (the entire root system) or phyllome (the sum of leaves); all of which predated 1920. They share in common, the concept of -ome signifying the collectivity of the units in the stem.
Definition:
The entire genetic material of eukaryotes contained in a haploid set of chromosomes
Sourse
Joshua Lederberg and Alexa T. McCray 'Ome Sweet 'Omics, A Genealogical Treasury of Words"The Scientist 15[7]:8, April 2, 2001.Ich schlage vor, für den haploiden Chromosomensatz, der im Verein mit dem zugehörigen Protoplasma die materielle Grundlage der systematischen Einheit darstellt den Ausdruck: das Genom zu verwenden("I propose the expression Genom for the haploid chromosome set, which, together with the pertinent protoplasm, specifies the material foundations of the species).
- Chromosomal Aberration
Chromosomal aberration refers to a change in number of chromosomes, can occur on one, or several, or all of the chromosomes within a nucleus. This is cause by the failure of sister chromatids to separate during anaphase of mitosis or the failure of homologous...
- Haploid Chromosome Number
For humans the haploid number of chromosomes is 23 because their diploid number is 46; haploid is the half of diploid. For humans only their gametes, or sex cells, are haploid. Haploid means that a particular cell has only one member of each homologous...
- Genotype
Term: genotypeLiterally meaning: ?genome type?Origin: Anc Greek?????/ genea(=generation) > ?????/geno (=birth to) >+?????/typos(=type, form, shape, appearance) > ?????/typto(=hit, stamp)Coined/HistoryIn 1905 by the Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen...
- Sporophyte
Term: sporophyteOrigin: Anc Greek ??????(=seed) > (=sow,) ????/phyto(=plant) > ???/phyo(=germinate)literally means "spore-bearing» note: the name of the classical Greek city ??????/Sparta is derived also from word ??????/spearo (=disperse)...
- Gene
Term : Gene Origin: Anc Greek ?????/ genea(=generation) < ?????/geno (=birth to) Coined: Although the notion of a gene was began with Gregor Mendel?s work on pea plants (1866), the term gene was coined by Wilhelm Johannsen (1857 -...