Biology
- Animal Eukaryotic Cell Components: Structure And Function
I posted a picture of the eukaryotic animal cell earlier, but it was simply a labeled diagram. Here we will go into each of the major parts of the cell, as well as each organelle's function, not to mention the overall structure of the cell. As the...
- Membrane Systems
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of a series of membranes creating channels within the cytoplasm, which are continuous with the nuclear membrane. They also form sheets that enclose cellular spaces called cisternae. ER provides a large surface area...
- Protein Localization
Proteins are synthesized in two types of location:The vast majority of proteins are synthesized by ribosomes in the cytosol. A small minority are synthesized by ribosomes within organelles (mitochondria or chloroplasts).Proteins synthesized in the cytosol...
- Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Webquest ? Ms. Carter Eukaryotic Cells California Standard: Cell Biology 1.a, e, f, g CELL BIOLOGY 1 a. The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized areas of the organism?s...
- #4. Cell Structure And Function
Describe and interpret drawings and photographs of typical animal and plant cells. Note that plant cells are always surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose, never found around animal cells. Typical animal and plant cells as seen using...
Biology
#78 Question 1
(a) The diagram shows a small part of a cell, as seen using an electron microscope.
(i) Name the parts labelled A to D. (2 marks)
(ii) Describe how part B is involved in the formation of extracellular enzymes. (3 marks)
(b) Give two reasons, other than the presence of part B, why the cell in the diagram cannot be a prokaryotic cell. (2 marks)
Candidate A
(a) (i) A plasma membrane ü
* C is the nuclear envelope (or membrane), not the nucleus itself. A phagocyte is a cell - perhaps the candidate is thinking of a phagocytic vesicle. 1/2
(ii) First, the enzymes are made by protein synthesis on the ribosomes. Then they go into the endoplasmic reticulum. Then they are taken üto the Golgi where they are packaged. Then they go in vesicles üto the cell membrane where they are sent out byexocytosis.
* This candidate has not really thought about exactly what the question was asking, and has wasted time writing about events that take place before and after the involvement of the Golgi apparatus. There is, however, a mark for the idea that the Golgi apparatus receives proteins that have been in the RER, and another for packaging them into vesicles. 2/3
(b) It has a nucleus. ü And it has Golgi apparatus. û
* The Goigi apparatus is part B, and tilis has been excluded by the question. 1/2
Candidate B
(a) (i) A cell surface membrane ü
B Golgi apparatus ü
C nuclear envelope ü
D vesicle ü
* All correct. 2/2
(ii) Proteins made in the RER are transported to the convex face ü of the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. The vesicles fuse ü with the Golgi and the proteins inside are modified ü by adding sugars to make glycoproteins .ü They are packaged inside membranes ü and sent to the cell membrane.
* All correct. 3/3
(b) If it was a prokaryotic celi it wouldn't have a nucleus ü and it would have a cell wall. ü
* Correct. 2/2 .
(i) Name the parts labelled A to D. (2 marks)
(ii) Describe how part B is involved in the formation of extracellular enzymes. (3 marks)
(b) Give two reasons, other than the presence of part B, why the cell in the diagram cannot be a prokaryotic cell. (2 marks)
Total: 7 marks
(a) (i) A plasma membrane ü
* C is the nuclear envelope (or membrane), not the nucleus itself. A phagocyte is a cell - perhaps the candidate is thinking of a phagocytic vesicle. 1/2
(ii) First, the enzymes are made by protein synthesis on the ribosomes. Then they go into the endoplasmic reticulum. Then they are taken üto the Golgi where they are packaged. Then they go in vesicles üto the cell membrane where they are sent out byexocytosis.
* This candidate has not really thought about exactly what the question was asking, and has wasted time writing about events that take place before and after the involvement of the Golgi apparatus. There is, however, a mark for the idea that the Golgi apparatus receives proteins that have been in the RER, and another for packaging them into vesicles. 2/3
(b) It has a nucleus. ü And it has Golgi apparatus. û
* The Goigi apparatus is part B, and tilis has been excluded by the question. 1/2
Candidate B
(a) (i) A cell surface membrane ü
B Golgi apparatus ü
C nuclear envelope ü
D vesicle ü
* All correct. 2/2
(ii) Proteins made in the RER are transported to the convex face ü of the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. The vesicles fuse ü with the Golgi and the proteins inside are modified ü by adding sugars to make glycoproteins .ü They are packaged inside membranes ü and sent to the cell membrane.
* All correct. 3/3
(b) If it was a prokaryotic celi it wouldn't have a nucleus ü and it would have a cell wall. ü
* Correct. 2/2 .
- Animal Eukaryotic Cell Components: Structure And Function
I posted a picture of the eukaryotic animal cell earlier, but it was simply a labeled diagram. Here we will go into each of the major parts of the cell, as well as each organelle's function, not to mention the overall structure of the cell. As the...
- Membrane Systems
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of a series of membranes creating channels within the cytoplasm, which are continuous with the nuclear membrane. They also form sheets that enclose cellular spaces called cisternae. ER provides a large surface area...
- Protein Localization
Proteins are synthesized in two types of location:The vast majority of proteins are synthesized by ribosomes in the cytosol. A small minority are synthesized by ribosomes within organelles (mitochondria or chloroplasts).Proteins synthesized in the cytosol...
- Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Webquest ? Ms. Carter Eukaryotic Cells California Standard: Cell Biology 1.a, e, f, g CELL BIOLOGY 1 a. The fundamental life processes of plants and animals depend on a variety of chemical reactions that occur in specialized areas of the organism?s...
- #4. Cell Structure And Function
Describe and interpret drawings and photographs of typical animal and plant cells. Note that plant cells are always surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose, never found around animal cells. Typical animal and plant cells as seen using...